"The ideal government is formed by an equal balancing and blending of monarchy, democracy, and aristocracy"
Leaned toward democracy (state belonged to the people), but from our time, he’d see the president as some kind of monarch, because the people give the power to him. He envisioned the balance of power between the Monarch and the People.
If the Monarch is corrupted, the People could correct the problem.
If the people are corrupted, the Monarch could correct the problem.
I do not think he believed in Monarchy. Monarchy implies inheritance, passed generically. However, the power of the monarch varies from absolute to very limited; the latter is exemplified in modern-day constitutional monarchies. Monarchs include such rulers as kings and queens, emperors and empresses, tsars, and kaisers. Some constitutional monarchies still survive, primarily as symbols of national unity. Among the most enduring are those of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Belgium.
Intense rivalries for power followed Sulla’s resignation, and Roman statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero fought valiantly for 20 years to stabilize the government and preserve the republic. Cicero hoped to bring senators and equites together in an alliance that represented responsible citizens against dangerous fanatics. He had no senatorial ancestors, but his oratorical abilities were quickly recognized. After rhetorical and philosophical studies in Greece, Cicero served as a lawyer and catapulted into prominence with his brilliant prosecution of a corrupt governor of Sicily.
Cicero was a major participant in Rome’s political turmoil of the mid-1st century BC. Cicero rose from modest circumstances to the highest rank of consul. Political entanglements forced Cicero into exile several times. While exiled, he composed important works on political theory but lamented that he was reduced to writing rather than to acting directly in the political life of the city. In On Duty, a lengthy letter to his son, Cicero discusses men’s natural obligation to serve others and devote their lives to public service. Although he believes that the philosophic, contemplative life is admirable, Cicero encourages his son to live according to nature in the service of others.
Cicero explained in the 1st century BC in De Re Publica, the state belonged to the people, but the people did not necessarily participate in the state’s upkeep. According to the Roman perspective, statesmen, patricians, and noblemen had special personal and moral qualities. These qualities enabled them to care best for the public thing and for the welfare of the whole state while others enjoyed the benefits of their guardianship.
From: De Re Publica
“So then, every people, every state, and every republic must be governed by some decision-making process if it is to last. That process must, in the first instance, always come into being for the same reason as that which gave rise to the state. Then this process must be entrusted to one man, or a select group, or else be carried on by the whole populace. When the supreme authority is vested in one man, we call him a king, and the government of that state is a monarchy. When it is vested in a select group, that state is said to be ruled by the power of an aristocracy. The state in which everything depends on the people is called a democracy. Provided the bond holds firm, which in the first place fastened the people to each other in the fellowship of a community, any of these three types may be, not indeed perfect, nor in my view the best, but at least tolerable, though one may be preferable to another. A just and wise king, or a select group of leading citizens, or the populace itself can still, it seems, ensure a reasonably stable government, provided no forms of wickedness or greed find their way into it.”
Leaned toward democracy (state belonged to the people), but from our time, he’d see the president as some kind of monarch, because the people give the power to him. He envisioned the balance of power between the Monarch and the People.
If the Monarch is corrupted, the People could correct the problem.
If the people are corrupted, the Monarch could correct the problem.
I do not think he believed in Monarchy. Monarchy implies inheritance, passed generically. However, the power of the monarch varies from absolute to very limited; the latter is exemplified in modern-day constitutional monarchies. Monarchs include such rulers as kings and queens, emperors and empresses, tsars, and kaisers. Some constitutional monarchies still survive, primarily as symbols of national unity. Among the most enduring are those of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Belgium.
Intense rivalries for power followed Sulla’s resignation, and Roman statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero fought valiantly for 20 years to stabilize the government and preserve the republic. Cicero hoped to bring senators and equites together in an alliance that represented responsible citizens against dangerous fanatics. He had no senatorial ancestors, but his oratorical abilities were quickly recognized. After rhetorical and philosophical studies in Greece, Cicero served as a lawyer and catapulted into prominence with his brilliant prosecution of a corrupt governor of Sicily.
Cicero was a major participant in Rome’s political turmoil of the mid-1st century BC. Cicero rose from modest circumstances to the highest rank of consul. Political entanglements forced Cicero into exile several times. While exiled, he composed important works on political theory but lamented that he was reduced to writing rather than to acting directly in the political life of the city. In On Duty, a lengthy letter to his son, Cicero discusses men’s natural obligation to serve others and devote their lives to public service. Although he believes that the philosophic, contemplative life is admirable, Cicero encourages his son to live according to nature in the service of others.
Cicero explained in the 1st century BC in De Re Publica, the state belonged to the people, but the people did not necessarily participate in the state’s upkeep. According to the Roman perspective, statesmen, patricians, and noblemen had special personal and moral qualities. These qualities enabled them to care best for the public thing and for the welfare of the whole state while others enjoyed the benefits of their guardianship.
From: De Re Publica
“So then, every people, every state, and every republic must be governed by some decision-making process if it is to last. That process must, in the first instance, always come into being for the same reason as that which gave rise to the state. Then this process must be entrusted to one man, or a select group, or else be carried on by the whole populace. When the supreme authority is vested in one man, we call him a king, and the government of that state is a monarchy. When it is vested in a select group, that state is said to be ruled by the power of an aristocracy. The state in which everything depends on the people is called a democracy. Provided the bond holds firm, which in the first place fastened the people to each other in the fellowship of a community, any of these three types may be, not indeed perfect, nor in my view the best, but at least tolerable, though one may be preferable to another. A just and wise king, or a select group of leading citizens, or the populace itself can still, it seems, ensure a reasonably stable government, provided no forms of wickedness or greed find their way into it.”
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